Calluna vulgaris Crude Extract Reverses Liver Steatosis and Insulin Resistance-Associated-Brain Lesion Induced by CCl4 Administration

Fatty liver (FL) is one of the most prevalent diseases in world, characterized by insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia, which consequently lead to neurodegenerative disorders through induction oxidative stress-inflammatory axis, alters neurotransmitters’ levels. Calluna vulgaris (CV), also known as heather, has anti-inflammatory antidepressant properties, making it a promising candidate for treating steatosis brain lesions. This study aimed assess prophylactic therapeutic effect CV extract on dysfunction associated with steatosis. FL was induced rats CCl4 oral administration (50 µL/Kg olive oil three times/week) six weeks. The protection group received 200 mg/kg orally two weeks before during induction, while treatment administered after month. biochemical parameters revealed that hepatotoxicity blood-liver function (AST, ALT, ALP, protein, LDH) were increased 1.8, 1.4, 2, 2.4, 1.2-fold, respectively. Moreover, two-fold increase glucose, insulin, lipid profile when compared control one, at p < 0.05. Steatosis demonstrated all following parameters— acetaldehyde (AC), prooxidant (TBARS), acetylcholine esterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO), hyaluronidase, ATPase—when led lesions where level TBARS, cholesterol, AChE, MAO progressively 1.6, 2.2, 4, 1.6-fold, respectively, reduced glucose (8-fold) GSH (2-fold) than level, agent decreased TBARS both group, 0.05, normalized activities AChE MAO, sensitivity they successfully HOMA-IR, TG, cholesterol positive contributed presence polyphenolic compounds such catechins (5.501 ± 0.056 µg/g extract), gallic (3.525 0.143 µg/g) extract, protocatechuic acid (2.719 0.132 extract). Therefore, we concluded formation ROS elevation inside tissue, alter amount neurotransmitter cellular energy production. Rich compounds, functions an antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, inhibitor catabolizing enzymes, regulator can be used preventative or NAFLD damage.